Instructional design (ID) is the process of creating instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective, and appealing. The process of instructional design consists of analyzing learning needs, designing and developing instructional materials and activities, implementing the instructional materials, and evaluating their effectiveness. The goal of instructional design is to create learning experiences that are effective, efficient, and appealing for the learners.
Instructional design models are systematic frameworks that provide guidance and structure for the design and development of instructional materials. These models vary in their complexity, but they all provide a general process that can be adapted to the specific needs of a given instructional project. Some of the most common models include ADDIE, ARCS, Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction, and the Dick and Carey Model.
Instructional designers may use a variety of methods and techniques to design and develop instructional materials, such as storyboarding, prototyping, and usability testing. They may also use different media and technologies to deliver the instructional materials, such as text, images, videos, and interactive activities.
Instructional design is a multidisciplinary field that draws on theories and research from education, psychology, cognitive science, and other related fields. It is commonly used in K-12 and higher education, corporate training, and military training. With advancements in technology, instructional design is increasingly being used in the design of e-learning and mobile learning experiences.
