Bloom’s Taxonomy is a framework for classifying learning goals and objectives into different levels of complexity and specificity. It was first published in 1956 by a committee of educators led by Benjamin Bloom, and has since been widely used in education and instructional design.
The taxonomy consists of six levels, arranged hierarchically from the most basic to the most advanced:
1. Remembering
recalling previously learned information, such as facts, concepts, and terminology. Example: Recalling the capital of a country
2. Understanding
Comprehending the meaning of the information, such as the main ideas, relationships, and implications. Example: Understanding the causes of World War II
3. Applying
Using the information in a specific context, such as solving problems or making decisions. Example: Applying a mathematical formula to solve a problem
4. Analyzing
Breaking down the information into parts and understanding the relationships among them, such as identifying patterns, themes, and structures. Example: Analyzing a poem to identify literary devices
5. Evaluating
Making judgments about the value or quality of the information, such as evaluating the credibility of a source or the effectiveness of a solution. Example: Evaluating the effectiveness of a marketing campaign
6. Creating
Using the information to generate a new product or idea, such as designing an experiment, composing a song, or writing a script. Example: Creating a marketing plan for a new product.
Each level of the taxonomy builds on the previous one, and the higher levels involve more critical thinking and problem-solving skills. By aligning learning objectives with the levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy, educators and instructional designers can design activities, assessments, and feedback that are appropriate for the intended level of learning.
